Ludwig Borchardt discovered Nefertiti bust on December 6, 1912, at Tell El-Amarna. Bust is 47cm polychrome limestone popiersie of Queen Nefertiti, wife of Akhenaten. Attracts over one million visitors yearly at Berlin's Neues Museum. Egypt demands return claiming Borchardt tricked officials with clay-covered bust and bad photo. Pre-WWI law split finds 50/50 between archaeologists and Egypt. Borchardt gave Egypt fake altar and inferior view photo per Der Spiegel. Bust hidden initially, shown publicly in 1924 sparking first return demands. Egypt banned German digs to pressure return. Nazis rejected 1933s return bid – Hitler planned own museum. Bust survived WWII hidden in salt mine, returned to West Berlin in 1956. Insured for $390 million against theft. German officials call it humanity's heritage and Egypt's cultural ambassador in Berlin. Turkey also seeks return of Pergamon Altar from Germany. Nefertiti praised as timeless beauty by Rilke, Michałowski, and Seyfried. Borchardt's team found 10,000 items but none matched bust's value. James Simon, dig funder, displayed it privately on mantel.