Fossil H. sapiens ribcages match modern globular shape but vary climatically from small cylindrical warm forms to large stocky cold forms.
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Fossil H. sapiens ribcages exhibit globular proportions identical to recent humans. Nazlet Khater 2 of Sub-Saharan ancestry has small cylindrical ribcage from arid warm climate. Ohalo II H2 from Levant has small cylindrical ribcage matching temperate recent humans. Dolní Věstonice 13 from cold glacial Europe has largest ribcage nearing Neanderthal size and Nariokotome Boy shape. Ötzi with Anatolian farmer ancestry has stockier mixed ribcage suited to alpine cold. Ribcage size follows Bergmann's rule with larger forms in colder climates. Shape shows cylindrical forms in warm-temperate and broader in cold. H. sapiens variation includes stocky ribcages like other Homo species. Slender Bauplan hypothesis rejected as fossil H. sapiens encompass both slender and stocky. Climate drives ribcage morphology more than ancestry or genetics. Nazlet Khater 2 shows archaic traits but modern globular thorax. Dolní Věstonice 13 robusticity fits Last Glacial Maximum survival. Statistical shape differences insignificant due to modern variation absorbing fossils. Discrete traits confirm H. sapiens globular ribcages visually. Stocky forms in warm-climate Homo like Nariokotome suggest equifinality not convergence.

Homo Sapiens Evolution Ecology Science Negroes Europe and the EU Cro-Magnon Homo Neanderthalensis Homo Erectus Egypt

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