Yamnaya initiated migrations linking Europe to India and China. Balkans populations 5000-4500 years ago derived almost all genes from steppe expansion. Steppe migrants admixed with Balkan locals creating Greek, Paleo-Balkan, Albanian speakers. Yamnaya crossed Caucasus forming low steppe ancestry enclave in Armenia by 4000 years ago. Patrilineal Yamnaya male descendants persisted in Armenia despite steppe extinction. Armenian language shares Yamnaya heritage with European Indo-Europeans like Greek. Neolithic Anatolians descended from local hunter-gatherers plus Caucasus, Mesopotamia, Levant groups. Anatolians homogenized by Eastern ancestry influx around 6500 years ago. Anatolia shows no steppe ancestry through Bronze Age. Yamnaya ancestry half West Asian from Caucasus and Anatolian-Levantine sources. Steppe migration from West Asia began 7000 years ago making Yamnaya Caucasus expansion ancestral return. All Indo-European speakers trace to Yamnaya southward Southern Arc expansions. Anatolian languages link to Proto-Indo-Anatolian via West Asian highlands not steppe. Non-Anatolian Indo-Europeans dispersed secondarily from Yamnaya steppe. Indo-Anatolian homeland located in West Asia with steppe role secondary.