Ferguson (1919) found lighter blacks scored 11 points above darker blacks (N=657). Lighter blacks scored 14 points above intermediate and 20 above darkest blacks (N=667). Darker blacks scored 60% as well as lighter blacks (N=344). Peterson and Lanier (1929) found light blacks scored 10 points above dark blacks in Chicago (N=83, r=.30). Light blacks scored 3 points above dark in Nashville (N=83, r=.18). Young (1929) found lighter 9-year-olds scored 12 points above darker peers (N=277). Tanser (1939) found mixed-blood blacks scored 7.3 points above full-bloods (N=54). Tanser (1941) found mixed-bloods averaged 6 points above full-bloods (N=204). Codwell (1947) found 5-point gap between mostly African and admixed blacks (N=480). Grinder (1964) found mixed blacks scored between lighter and darker in Jamaica (N=940). Herskovits (1926) found r=.17 with white element and r=-.14 with black element (N=115). Davenport (1928) found browns outscored blacks on 3/5 tests (N=200). Klineberg (1928) found less African-looking blacks scored 2 points higher (N=200). Bruce (1940) found light blacks scored 4 points above dark (N=72). 13 of 16 studies show advantage for more admixed blacks. Only 2 studies show no advantage. 1 study equivocal but supports admixture effect.