Reviewed 31 admixture studies across Americas linking continental ancestry to education or SES. None showed associations opposite hereditarian predictions. Sub-Saharan African ancestry negatively correlates with education and SES. Amerindian ancestry negatively correlates with education and SES. European ancestry positively correlates with education and SES. East Asian ancestry positively correlates with education and SES. Pacific Islander ancestry negatively correlates with education and SES. All U.S. non-significant results attributable to low power or range restriction. U.S. Hispanic Amerindian ancestry inconsistently but directionally negative – meta-analysis would confirm. Educational attainment heritability 0.40 within populations implies between-group genetic role. Piffer studies show races differ in alleles for intelligence and education. Results support partial genetic basis for regional cognitive and education differences. Colorism, assortative mating, or transmitted environment do not negate genetic signal. Hereditarian model predicts and finds these ancestry-outcome links.
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