Full 1 SD black-white IQ gap exists by age 3 and stays stable over time.
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Meta-analysis of 35 samples with 2569 black and 2762 white 3-year-olds shows average black IQ of 86.7. Black-white IQ gap averages 15.4 points (1.03 SD) across 20 matched samples. Normal black samples average IQ 86.5 versus white 102.3 (1.05 SD gap). Privileged black samples average IQ 99.4 but still trail middle-class whites by 7.2 points. Stanford-Binet gap at age 3 is 16.1 points (1.07 SD). PPVT gap at age 3 is 15.3 points (1.02 SD). No trend of black IQ rising or gap narrowing over 65 years of birth cohorts. Disadvantaged black samples average IQ 84.9. Stability model confirmed: full gap by age 3, no significant school-age growth. Growth model refuted by CNLSY data showing 1 SD PPVT gap at age 3 stable to age 13. Fryer-Levitt ECLS gaps artifact of methodology, not replicated. Dickens-Flynn claim of 4.6-point gap at age 4 contradicted by standardization data and new meta-analysis. 1 SD gap at age 3 precludes large environmental causation during school years.

Intelligence Negroes White people Psychology Science Demographics North America

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