Genetic differences causally drive socioeconomic success via intelligence, personality, and mental health.
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Socioeconomic success including education, occupation, and income shows substantial heritability from twin and adoption studies. EA polygenic scores predict educational and socioeconomic outcomes comparably to key environmental factors. Sibling genetic differences causally affect income, wealth, education, occupation, and neighborhood quality. Genetic effects on socioeconomic outcomes represent a lower bound due to imperfect polygenic scores. Educational attainment genetically correlates strongly with cognitive ability at 0.7. Personality and mental health traits like conscientiousness and low neuroticism genetically influence socioeconomic success. Can-do traits like intelligence, will-do traits like industriousness, and mental health drive success genetically. Assortative mating on education concentrates genes vertically across generations. Genetic sorting occurs in education, occupations, neighborhoods, and regions. Observed class, school, and regional differences in intelligence partly reflect genetic composition. Herrnstein's syllogism holds: heritable IQ leads to heritable social rank. GWAS confirm polygenic nature of traits affecting socioeconomic success. Rare variants and non-additive effects boost total genetic influence. Within-family genetic variance reduction underestimates population-level effects.

Genetics Intelligence Psychology Science Demographics Economy

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