672 scientists nominated from 1901-1974. 100 awarded prize individually or jointly. 13 women nominated, only 2 awarded. Marie Curie sole double winner in Physics and Chemistry. No sub-Saharan Africans nominated. Only rare Asians nominated like Indian C.V. Raman who won. Germans heavily nominated like Planck over 10 times. French prominent with Becquerel, Curies, Lippmann. British strong with Rayleigh, Thomson, Braggs. Americans few early like Michelson, Millikan. Einstein nominated 11 times before 1921 win. Many overlooked white Europeans like Gibbs, Minkowski, Jeans. Prize skipped 6 years, delayed 9 times. Nominations sealed 50 years. Self-nominations occurred like Thurston. 10 scientists and 2 corporations nominations invalidated. CERN and nuclear scientists uniquely nominated as groups.