ETS2 hits households for CO2 from heating and transport starting 2027 with rising costs. Average family pays 6,338 zł extra yearly for gas heating 2027-2030, surging to 24,018 zł by 2035. Coal heating for 100m² building jumps 10,311 zł yearly to 2030, 39,074 zł to 2035. Coal price per ton rises from 1,200-1,500 zł to 5,298 zł by 2055. Gas price climbs from 200 zł/MWh in 2023 to 420 zł/MWh by 2055. Cooking and hot water on gas adds 301 zł yearly in 2027, 5,211 zł by 2055. Fuel prices rise 30 zł per tank at 55 euro/ton CO2. Coal furnace owners have 5 years to switch or face massive hikes. EU promises Poland 153 billion zł support by 2032, plus 90 billion zł for households 2027-2032. Costs passed from suppliers to households. ETS2 expands from power plants to buildings and road transport.
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