Africans average 0.115% nucleotide diversity in 50 noncoding segments, nearly twice Asians at 0.061% and Europeans at 0.064%. African diversity exceeds between-group diversity with Eurasians at 0.096%. Autosomal pi reaches 0.105% in Africans versus 0.070% Asians and 0.069% Europeans. X-linked pi is 0.088% in Africans versus 0.042% Asians and 0.053% Europeans. Africans differ genetically more from each other than from Eurasians. Eurasian genetic diversity forms a subset of African diversity. Data supports Out-of-Africa human evolution model. Noncoding regions minimize selection effects to reveal evolutionary history. Sampling 10 per group suffices for diversity estimates. Geographic origins must be specified for pi or SNP studies.
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