Clovis culture spanned 13,050–12,750 BP across North America. Distinctive fluted Clovis points served as spears, knives, scrapers. Hunter-gatherers relied heavily on megafauna like mammoths, bison, horses. Anzick-1 boy burial links genetically to Central/South Amerindians more than North, with Siberian ancestry. Clovis not first – pre-Clovis sites like Monte Verde date older. Overshot flaking and caching tools unique to Clovis. Mobile foragers transported stone tools 900km. Mammoths comprised 35-40% of Anzick group's diet. Clovis ended due to megafauna decline and reduced mobility. Succeeded by Folsom, Cumberland traditions. Possibly contributed to Pleistocene megafauna extinctions. Used red ochre, engraved stones for art/ritual. Bone needles from rabbit, fox, cat bones indicate pelt use. Fishtail points in South America derived from Clovis. Originated south of ice sheets, not Beringia. Y-haplogroup Q-L54 common in Native Americans. Mitochondrial D4h3a rare today but early. Ice-free corridor impassable until after Clovis start. Western Stemmed Tradition contemporaneous in West. Clovis points penetrated elephant hide in tests. Trapped bison herds in arroyos for mass kills. Low population density but vast networks. Blades twice as long as wide for tools. Bifaces multifunctional for cutting, flakes. Rods likely foreshafts for hafting points. No evidence of Younger Dryas causing Clovis end.