Iron Gates hunter-gatherers built Europe's first planned city with monumental sculptures before farmer admixture.
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Settlement spans 9500-5500 BC in Serbia's Iron Gates. Features unique trapezoidal houses in fan-shaped planned layout. Produced piscine sculptures with human faces as earliest European monumental art. Inhabitants were pure Iron Gates hunter-gatherers until 6200 BC. Admixed rapidly with incoming Anatolian Early European Farmers after 6200 BC. Mixing occurred in first immigrant generation unlike elsewhere in Europe. Some individuals 100% EEF ancestry with migrant isotopes. Y-DNA includes R1b1a, C1a2b, G2a2b2a1a1c, C2c, I2. mtDNA shifts from U5/H to J/X/T/N1a in Neolithic transition. Modern Serbs retain 10% ancestry from HG-EEF mix. Developed complex economy with occupational specialization and social differentiation. Buried elders inside houses, others in external cemetery. Houses standardized with geometric 60-degree circle segments facing wind. Central hearths and shrines mimic human figure layout. Microevolution evident over 120-280 generations. Transition to Neolithic evolved internally without invasion.

Europe and the EU Genetics Evolution Homo Sapiens Science Antiquity Demographics

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