Anatomically modern humans emerged in eastern Africa 200-150 ka. Expansion reached southwestern Asia 120-90 ka. Late archaic humans persisted in eastern Eurasia until 125-100 ka. Zhirendong mandible at 100 ka shows partial modern features. TPL 1 cranium securely dated by U/Th to 63.6 ± 6 ka. Surrounding sediments dated 46-51 ka by OSL/TL and radiocarbon. TPL 1 lacks supraorbital torus unlike all archaic Homo. Minimal postorbital constriction present. No transverse occipital torus unlike eastern archaic humans. Level nasal floor matches modern humans not archaic. Small anterior teeth relative to large posterior teeth mark modern pattern. Temporal bone resembles modern humans not Neandertals or Middle Pleistocene erectus. Young adult based on dentition. No artifacts or occupation evidence at site. Fills 120-40 ka gap in Southeast Asia human record. Earliest well-dated modern human east of Jordan Valley. Supports 60 ka southern route migration from genetic data. Inland routes likely used alongside coastal paths.