Tam Pa Ling cave yielded partial skull, jaw fragments, and teeth of young adult Homo sapiens. Fossils lack browridges, have widened skull behind eyes, and smaller teeth than earlier hominids. Bones deposited 46,000-51,000 years ago, with skull no older than 63,000 years via uranium dating. No artifacts found with bones, which washed into cave. Discovery fills gap in East Asian modern human fossils between 120,000-40,000 years ago. Other claimed early fossils in China and Philippines poorly dated or not definitively Homo sapiens. Xujiayao skull fragments dated 104,000-125,000 years but layer questioned. Zhirendong jaw dated 100,000 years but modern human status disputed. Denisovans interbred with early humans, as shown by DNA in modern Southeast Asians, Aborigines, and Oceanians. Homo floresiensis persisted until 17,000 years ago in region. Warm wet climate hinders fossil preservation in Southeast Asia.