Earliest European modern humans were East Asian-related with recent Neanderthal ancestors 3-7 generations back.
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Bacho Kiro individuals from Bulgaria dated 45,930–42,580 years ago are oldest Upper Palaeolithic modern humans in Europe. They belong to previously unknown migration wave into Europe. They share more alleles with present-day East Asians, Central Asians, and Native Americans than West Eurasians. They carried 3.0–3.8% Neanderthal DNA, higher than average 1.9%. All three had Neanderthal ancestors 3-7 generations back based on long Neanderthal segments. Mixing with Neanderthals was common among first modern humans in Europe. They relate genetically to Tianyuan Chinese individual and some later Eurasians like GoyetQ116-1. Their population contributed ancestry to Asians and Americas but vanished in western Eurasia. Later Bacho Kiro individual BK1653 is West Eurasian-related with normal Neanderthal levels. Y-haplogroups F-M89 and C-F3393 are basal and rare today. No Neanderthal DNA in purifying selection ''deserts'' indicates rapid selection against it. Four earliest European modern humans all had close Neanderthal relatives. IUP assemblages span Eurasia from Bulgaria to Mongolia. Oase1 and Ust’Ishim show no contribution to later populations unlike Bacho Kiro group. Neanderthal DNA from European Vindija-type not Altai.

Genetics Evolution Homo Sapiens Homo Neanderthalensis Europe and the EU Northeast Asia Science North America

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