Negative selection reduces population differentiation at amino-acid-changing mutations especially damaging ones in disease genes. Positive selection increases differentiation at nonsynonymous and 5'-UTR variants driving regional adaptation. Genic SNPs show excess low F_ST due to negative selection confirmed after bias correction. Damaging nonsynonymous mutations stay rare across populations under negative selection. High F_ST genic SNPs especially nonsynonymous overrepresented 2.6-fold indicating positive selection. Selection signatures in all populations not geography-specific. EDAR under selection affects hair sweat glands teeth morphology via pleiotropy. CR1 mutation at 85% in Africans absent elsewhere protects against malaria. ENPP1 protective allele against obesity diabetes at 90% in non-Africans virtually absent in Africans. Selection genes include skin pigmentation hair development immune response metabolic syndrome. At least 60% of extreme F_ST genes under positive selection. Positive selection contributes to morphological disease phenotypic diversity between populations.