Multivariate analyses of Old Man cranium show no close link to Mongoloids. Upper Cave burials dated to about 11,000 years by recent C-14 on animal bones. Time gap of 4-5000 years between Upper Cave people and earliest north China Mongoloids. Major population shift likely occurred in north China from terminal Pleistocene to mid-Holocene. Upper Cave people not closely allied to modern East Asian or American Mongoloid groups. Common belief in direct ancestry from Upper Cave to Mongoloids unsupported. Late Pleistocene East Asian remains poorly preserved except Upper Cave and Minatogawa.