Ishango eLSA layer dated 25-20kya yields over 100 human remains from hunter-fisher-gatherers. Remains show higher phenotypic diversity than recent African populations. Ishango fossils have inner ear affinities with Middle-early Late Pleistocene worldwide fossils over extant Africans. Long bones indicate reduced terrestrial mobility from aquatic reliance. Findings match genetic deep substructure in Late Pleistocene Africans. African human origins involve polycentric evolution across regions. Southern Africa L0 mitogenome origin around 200ka with isolation south of Zambezi. Pleistocene Africans display archaic morphology persisting until Holocene. West Africa shows late archaic admixture with sapiens. Eastern Africa endemism with high morphological diversity into Holocene. Khoisan represent deepest human lineages with sustained isolation. African prehistory features fractured populations and regional adaptations. Modern Africans derive from structured Pleistocene groups with isolation. No single African population birthed sapiens – multiple lineages diverged. Climate drove dispersals but maintained substructure. Ishango community used fishing tech, math notations, seasonal sites. Cranial thickness suggests higher activity than moderns. Kisese II early Holocene Tanzanians extend morphological variation. Overall African fossils reject uniform recent origin model.