Göbekli Tepe holds 691 human bone fragments mostly from skulls indicating deliberate skull selection. Three adult skulls show intentional post-mortem modifications including deep sagittal carvings made with stone tools. Carvings reach depths of 0.2-4.0 mm from multiple precise cuts unrelated to defleshing or scalping. One skull has drilled perforation for suspension or decoration. Ochre applied to one skull found in ochre concentration signaling ritual status. Modifications performed perimortem on elastic bone with no healing signs. Skulls represent 15% of adult individuals fulfilling skull cult criteria in ritual context. Site features monumental buildings and carvings depicting severed heads supporting skull veneration. Carvings possibly branded individuals or stabilized skulls for display with cords. No parallels exist in other PPN sites or ethnographic records. Defleshing cutmarks on 9.8% of skull fragments and decapitation on cervical vertebrae. Human bones fragmented in backfill from site formation processes. Skulls from different trenches across the tell. Treatments likely part of secondary burial rites at ritual center. Special individuals emphasized through display in monumental structures.
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