Sub-Saharan Africans carry archaic DNA from hominins diverged 700,000 years ago via recent admixture.
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Biaka Pygmies and San show extremely strong archaic admixture evidence (P < 10^{-4}). Mandenka show no significant archaic admixture (P > 0.05). Ancestral split time peaks at 700 kya or 375 kya. Admixture times peak at 35 kya or 15 kya. Admixture proportions peak at 2% or 0.5%. Three-population model rejects no-admixture null (P=0.0493). Locus 4qMB179 shows 31.4-kb archaic haplotype in Biaka at 0.3% divergence. Archaic haplotype at 4qMB179 highest frequency (3.6%) in west-central Pygmies. Locus 13qMB107 archaic haplotype highest in San (11.9%). Locus 18qMB60 archaic variant highest in Pygmies (1.6%). Mbuti carry variants from all three loci despite isolation. Biaka-Mandenka split predates AMH origin at 450 kya. Archaic source isolated hundreds of thousands of years. Introgression likely from central African archaic hominin. Fossil record supports archaic-modern coexistence in Africa until 35 kya. Hunter-gatherer genomes reservoir for archaic segments. Recombination hotspots trimmed longer archaic blocks.

Negroes Genetics Evolution Hominids Homo Sapiens Science Race mixing

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