Single right third metatarsal bone found in Callao Cave, Philippines in 2007. Bone dated to 67,000 years by uranium-thorium method. Initially uncertain as Homo sapiens or Homo floresiensis. Classified as new species Homo luzonensis in 2019 Nature paper. Species reached Luzon by rafts from Sunda as no continuous land bridge existed. Arrival timing matches Sunda migrations to New Guinea and Australia. Hunted sambar deer, pigs, and extinct cattle in same sediment layer. No stone tools found but animal bones indicate tool use possibly from plants like bamboo. Estimated height around 1.2 meters. Remains from Late Pleistocene. Part of diverse archaic Homo species outside Africa.