71.3% of Polish males belong to the Y-DNA haplogroup family R1a or R1b. The genetic continuity of modern populations goes straight back to the Bronze Age and even earlier - which is impressive in itself. The study concerns the area of modern Ukraine - the cradle of Scythians, Sarmatians, Yamnaya, Alans, early agriculture - all the lines of our fathers, our genes . In the period 12,000 BC - 500 BC, the family of our paternal lines R1a/R1b was dominant / very common: in the Middle East, Anatolia, Sumer, Europe, northern India, north of the Himalayas (Tarim mummies), and among the Egyptian pharaohs (R1b), Western Europe, North Africa. It's an absolutely fascinating story, because new DNA research methods have shown that these two of our haplogroups participated in major events like the emergence of agriculture, the construction of Sumer, the beginning of the Bronze Age, a strong presence around Gobekli Tepe during construction, the first animal husbandry, writing, mastery of horseback riding, the civilization of northern India, even the Tarim mummies in present-day China, in the foothills of the Himalayas. And no Negroes around! The Negro genes left Africa only after the fall of Rome, got into the genes of our then cousins living in the Middle East completely distancing us genetically.