The Civil War in Russia, which lasted from 1917-22, resulted in the deaths of about 9 million people [7]. The Great Famine in Ukraine in 1932-33 resulted in the deaths of about 6-7 million people. From the beginning of the Bolshevik Revolution until 1956, there were about 60 million victims of the Gulag [8]. The famine of 1945-47 resulted in the deaths of about 1.5 million people. The Great Terror of 1936-1938 led to the death of about 800,000 people and the NKVD operation against Poles living in the USSR led to the death of about 200,000 people [9]. Communist socialism after the Bolshevik Revolution until the 1970s, excluding World War II casualties, claimed about 78.5 million lives. As a result of World War II, the USSR lost about 27 million inhabitants, mostly young people. The Bolshevik Terror and World War II diminished the USSR's population by 105.5 million people.