Haplogroups R1b, R1a are typical of Europeans. R1a is the most common haplogroup among Polish males. The article examines the origins and beliefs of the Sumerians, who created writing and influenced religions. Research points to their original home between the Caspian Sea and the Hindu Kush. Archaeological discoveries in Turkmenistan are helping to understand this ancient people. R1b is assumed to have originated in southern Siberia/Central Asia. Therefore, about 8,000-10,000 years of migration and regrouping have passed since the original mutation of the R1b haplogroup "Arbins" and their subclades. The Sumerians apparently belonged to haplogroup R1b. Following the emergence of Neolithic agricultural societies that led to permanent settlements and prolonged interactions and specializations throughout Central Asia, the "Original Homeland of the Sumerians" became one of the Arbin groups during this long history of 8,000-10,000 years, before climatic changes forced them to migrate for the first time and re-settle in the fertile lands of the Middle East between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers around 4,000 BC. (Paleoclimatology, 2012: Houghton et al., 1990), and eventually further south to the banks of the Nile River in northeastern Africa.