Whites created every ancient civilization. After the fall of Rome, the influx of sub-Saharans began, changing the genetics there. We survived in the far north where conditions were too difficult for the negroid. The article presents detailed descriptions of haplogroups and their history, explaining the basic concepts of population genetics. Haplogroups divide people into genealogical groups, through which a common ancestor in prehistory can be determined. DNA testing allows identification of both paternal (Y-DNA) and maternal (mtDNA) lines. The article discusses population migrations in Europe after the end of the last glaciation.